julia
begin
using AustralianElectricityMarkets
import AustralianElectricityMarkets.RegionModel as RM
using PowerSystems
using PowerSimulations
using HydroPowerSimulations
using Chain
using DataFrames
using AlgebraOfGraphics, CairoMakie
using TidierDB
using Dates
using HiGHS
endThe impact of network constraints
We previously ignored the network constraints by adopting a "Copper Plate" model. In this zonal model, we will treat each region as a single node (the "Regional Reference Node") and the interconnectors as links between them. This will limit the energy that can be transfered between regions, and lead to different prices across regions once the market is cleared
While this captures inter-regional congestion, it does not model intra-regional constraints (congestion within a state), which AEMO manages through a process called "Constraint Equations."
Setup the system
Initialise a connection to manage the market data via duckdb
Get the data first!
You will first need to download the data from the monthly archive, saving them locally in parquet files.
julia
tables = table_requirements(RegionalNetworkConfiguration())
map(tables) do table
fetch_table_data(table, Date(2025, 1, 1):Date(2025,1,31))
end;Only the data requirements for a RegionalNetworkConfiguration are downloaded.
julia
db = aem_connect(duckdb());AustralianElectricityMarkets.AEMDB(DuckDB.DB(":memory:"), HiveConfiguration("/home/runner/.nemweb_cache", "file"))Instantiate the system
julia
sys = nem_system(db, RegionalNetworkConfiguration())| System | |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Name | |
| Description | |
| System Units Base | SYSTEM_BASE |
| Base Power | 100.0 |
| Base Frequency | 60.0 |
| Num Components | 602 |
| Static Components | |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| ACBus | 12 |
| Arc | 12 |
| Area | 6 |
| AreaInterchange | 8 |
| EnergyReservoirStorage | 31 |
| HydroDispatch | 84 |
| Line | 14 |
| PowerLoad | 6 |
| RenewableDispatch | 222 |
| ThermalStandard | 199 |
| TransmissionInterface | 8 |
Set the horizon to consider for the simulation
julia
interval = Minute(5)
horizon = Hour(24)
start_date = DateTime(2025, 1, 2, 0, 0)
date_range = start_date:interval:(start_date + horizon)
@show date_rangeDates.DateTime("2025-01-02T00:00:00"):Dates.Minute(5):Dates.DateTime("2025-01-03T00:00:00")Set deterministic time series
julia
set_demand!(sys, db, date_range; resolution = interval)
set_renewable_pv!(sys, db, date_range; resolution = interval)
set_renewable_wind!(sys, db, date_range; resolution = interval)
set_hydro_limits!(sys, db, date_range; resolution = interval)
set_market_bids!(sys, db, date_range; resolution = interval)[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for SNOWY1 Load
[ Info: Setting PV power time series
[ Info: Setting wind power time series
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for EILDON3
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for HLMSEW01
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for PINDARI
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for PALOONA
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for KEEPIT
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for RUBICON
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for COPTNHYD
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for PUMP2
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for WYANGALA
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for YWNGAHYD
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for CLOVER
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for ROWALLAN
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for GUTHNL1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for GLENMAG1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for WYANGALB
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for BROWNMT
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for L_W_CNL1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for MURAYNL3
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for BURRIN
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for CLUNY
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for PUMP1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for REPULSE
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for KAREEYA5
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for PO110NL1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for TUMT3NL2
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for WYA252B1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for GLBWNHYD
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for JOUNAMA1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for JNDABNE1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for SNOWYGJP
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for GOVILLB1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for BAPS
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for TUMT3NL1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for TRIBNL1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for THEDROP1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for ADPMH1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for MURAYNL2
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for BUTLERSG
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for TUMT3NL3
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for BDONGHYD
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for WILLHOV1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for MURAYNL1
[ Info: Setting loads to 0 for WYB252B1
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator APPIN, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator MPNL1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WINGF2_1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator LYNL1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator STAPYLTON1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator HASTING3, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WESTCBT1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WILGAPK, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator CBWWDG1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator BPLANDF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator CBWWPV2, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator CESF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator DIAPURWF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator FSWF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator ADPPV2, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator CHPSTWF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WONWP, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator SKSF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator BAKING1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator HUGSF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator LRSF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator YAMBUKWF, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WAUBRAWF, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator HEPWIND1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator YAWWF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator ADPPV3, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator CBWF1, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator CAPTL_WF, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator EILDON3, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator HLMSEW01, setting to unavailable.
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┌ Warning: No bid data for generator PINDARI, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator PALOONA, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator KEEPIT, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator RUBICON, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator COPTNHYD, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator PUMP2, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WYANGALA, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator YWNGAHYD, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator CLOVER, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator ROWALLAN, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator GUTHNL1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator GLENMAG1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WYANGALB, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator BROWNMT, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator L_W_CNL1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator MURAYNL3, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator BURRIN, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator CLUNY, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator PUMP1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator REPULSE, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator KAREEYA5, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator PO110NL1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator TUMT3NL2, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WYA252B1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator GLBWNHYD, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator JOUNAMA1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator JNDABNE1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator SNOWYGJP, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator GOVILLB1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator BAPS, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator TUMT3NL1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator TRIBNL1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator THEDROP1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator ADPMH1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator MURAYNL2, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator BUTLERSG, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator TUMT3NL3, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator BDONGHYD, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WILLHOV1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator MURAYNL1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator WYB252B1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:490
┌ Warning: No bid data for generator KESSB1, setting to unavailable.
└ @ AustralianElectricityMarkets ~/work/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/AustralianElectricityMarkets.jl/src/parser.jl:531Derive forecasts from the deterministic time series
julia
transform_single_time_series!(
sys,
horizon,
interval, # interval
);
@show sys| System | |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Name | |
| Description | |
| System Units Base | SYSTEM_BASE |
| Base Power | 100.0 |
| Base Frequency | 60.0 |
| Num Components | 602 |
| Static Components | |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| ACBus | 12 |
| Arc | 12 |
| Area | 6 |
| AreaInterchange | 8 |
| EnergyReservoirStorage | 31 |
| HydroDispatch | 84 |
| Line | 14 |
| PowerLoad | 6 |
| RenewableDispatch | 222 |
| ThermalStandard | 199 |
| TransmissionInterface | 8 |
| StaticTimeSeries Summary | |||||||
| owner_type | owner_category | name | time_series_type | initial_timestamp | resolution | count | time_step_count |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| String | String | String | String | String | Dates.CompoundPeriod | Int64 | Int64 |
| HydroDispatch | Component | max_active_power | SingleTimeSeries | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 84 | 288 |
| PowerLoad | Component | max_active_power | SingleTimeSeries | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 6 | 288 |
| RenewableDispatch | Component | max_active_power | SingleTimeSeries | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 222 | 288 |
| Forecast Summary | |||||||||
| owner_type | owner_category | name | time_series_type | initial_timestamp | resolution | count | horizon | interval | window_count |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| String | String | String | String | String | Dates.CompoundPeriod | Int64 | Dates.CompoundPeriod | Dates.CompoundPeriod | Int64 |
| EnergyReservoirStorage | Component | decremental_initial_input | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 30 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| EnergyReservoirStorage | Component | decremental_variable_cost | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 30 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| EnergyReservoirStorage | Component | incremental_initial_input | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 30 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| EnergyReservoirStorage | Component | variable_cost | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 30 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| HydroDispatch | Component | incremental_initial_input | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 41 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| HydroDispatch | Component | max_active_power | DeterministicSingleTimeSeries | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 84 | 1 day | 5 minutes | 1 |
| HydroDispatch | Component | variable_cost | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 41 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| PowerLoad | Component | max_active_power | DeterministicSingleTimeSeries | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 6 | 1 day | 5 minutes | 1 |
| RenewableDispatch | Component | incremental_initial_input | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 186 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| RenewableDispatch | Component | max_active_power | DeterministicSingleTimeSeries | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 222 | 1 day | 5 minutes | 1 |
| RenewableDispatch | Component | variable_cost | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 186 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| ThermalStandard | Component | incremental_initial_input | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 127 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
| ThermalStandard | Component | variable_cost | Deterministic | 2025-01-02T00:00:00 | 5 minutes | 127 | 1 day | empty period | 1 |
Set up the problem
julia
begin
template = ProblemTemplate()
set_device_model!(template, Line, StaticBranch)
set_device_model!(template, PowerLoad, StaticPowerLoad)
set_device_model!(template, RenewableDispatch, RenewableFullDispatch)
set_device_model!(template, ThermalStandard, ThermalBasicUnitCommitment)
set_device_model!(template, HydroDispatch, HydroDispatchRunOfRiver)
set_network_model!(template, NetworkModel(AreaBalancePowerModel; use_slacks = true))
set_device_model!(template, AreaInterchange, StaticBranch)
template
end| Network Model | |
| Network Model | PowerSimulations.AreaBalancePowerModel |
| Slacks | true |
| PTDF | false |
| Duals | None |
| HVDC Network Model | None |
| Device Models | ||
| Device Type | Formulation | Slacks |
|---|---|---|
| PowerSystems.ThermalStandard | PowerSimulations.ThermalBasicUnitCommitment | false |
| PowerSystems.PowerLoad | PowerSimulations.StaticPowerLoad | false |
| PowerSystems.RenewableDispatch | PowerSimulations.RenewableFullDispatch | false |
| PowerSystems.HydroDispatch | HydroPowerSimulations.HydroDispatchRunOfRiver | false |
| Branch Models | ||
| Branch Type | Formulation | Slacks |
|---|---|---|
| PowerSystems.AreaInterchange | PowerSimulations.StaticBranch | false |
| PowerSystems.Line | PowerSimulations.StaticBranch | false |
The dispatch problem will be solved with open source solver HiGHS, and a relatively large mip gap for the purposes of this example.
julia
solver = optimizer_with_attributes(HiGHS.Optimizer, "mip_rel_gap" => 0.1)
problem = DecisionModel(template, sys; optimizer = solver, horizon = horizon)
build!(problem; output_dir = joinpath(tempdir(), "out"))InfrastructureSystems.Optimization.ModelBuildStatusModule.ModelBuildStatus.BUILT = 0Solve the problem
julia
solve!(problem)InfrastructureSystems.Simulation.RunStatusModule.RunStatus.SUCCESSFULLY_FINALIZED = 0Observe the results
julia
res = OptimizationProblemResults(problem)Start: 2025-01-02T00:00:00
End: 2025-01-02T23:55:00
Resolution: 5 minutes
| PowerSimulations Problem Auxiliary variables Results |
| TimeDurationOff__ThermalStandard |
| TimeDurationOn__ThermalStandard |
| HydroEnergyOutput__HydroDispatch |
| PowerSimulations Problem Expressions Results |
| ProductionCostExpression__ThermalStandard |
| ActivePowerBalance__Area |
| ProductionCostExpression__HydroDispatch |
| ProductionCostExpression__RenewableDispatch |
| PowerSimulations Problem Parameters Results |
| IncrementalPiecewiseLinearSlopeParameter__RenewableDispatch |
| ActivePowerTimeSeriesParameter__HydroDispatch |
| ActivePowerTimeSeriesParameter__PowerLoad |
| ActivePowerTimeSeriesParameter__RenewableDispatch |
| IncrementalPiecewiseLinearBreakpointParameter__RenewableDispatch |
| IncrementalPiecewiseLinearBreakpointParameter__ThermalStandard |
| IncrementalPiecewiseLinearBreakpointParameter__HydroDispatch |
| IncrementalPiecewiseLinearSlopeParameter__ThermalStandard |
| IncrementalCostAtMinParameter__ThermalStandard |
| IncrementalPiecewiseLinearSlopeParameter__HydroDispatch |
| PowerSimulations Problem Variables Results |
| FlowActivePowerVariable__AreaInterchange |
| ActivePowerVariable__RenewableDispatch |
| ActivePowerVariable__ThermalStandard |
| SystemBalanceSlackUp__Area |
| ActivePowerVariable__HydroDispatch |
| OnVariable__ThermalStandard |
| SystemBalanceSlackDown__Area |
| StopVariable__ThermalStandard |
| StartVariable__ThermalStandard |
Let's observe how the units are dispatched
julia
begin
function filter_non_all_zero(df, group_by, value)
gdf = groupby(df, group_by)
is_all_zero = combine(gdf, :value => (x -> all(x == 0)) => :all_zero)
subset!(is_all_zero, :all_zero => x -> .!x)
return innerjoin(df, is_all_zero, on = group_by)
end
renewables = read_variable(res, "ActivePowerVariable__RenewableDispatch")
thermal = read_variable(res, "ActivePowerVariable__ThermalStandard")
hydro = read_variable(res, "ActivePowerVariable__HydroDispatch")
gens_long = vcat(renewables, thermal, hydro)
select!(gens_long, :DateTime, :name => :DUID, :value)
by_fuel = @chain select(
read_units(db),
[:DUID, :STATIONID, :CO2E_ENERGY_SOURCE, :REGIONID]
) begin
rightjoin(gens_long, on = :DUID)
groupby([:CO2E_ENERGY_SOURCE, :REGIONID, :DateTime])
combine(:value => sum => :value)
dropmissing!
select!(
:DateTime, :REGIONID, :CO2E_ENERGY_SOURCE => :Source,
:value
)
filter_non_all_zero([:REGIONID, :Source], :value)
end
loads = @chain res begin
read_parameter("ActivePowerTimeSeriesParameter__PowerLoad")
transform!(
:name => ByRow(x -> split(x, " ")[1]) => :REGIONID
)
subset!(:REGIONID => ByRow(!=("SNOWY1")))
insertcols!(
:Source => "Region demand"
)
select!(
:DateTime, :REGIONID, :Source,
:value => ByRow(-) => :value
)
end
demand = data(loads) * mapping(
:DateTime, :value, color = :Source, layout = :REGIONID
) * visual(Lines, linestyle = (:dash, :dense))
generation = data(by_fuel) * mapping(
:DateTime, :value, color = :Source, layout = :REGIONID
) * visual(Lines)
draw(
demand + generation;
figure = (; size = (1000, 800)),
legend = (; position = :bottom)
)
end
Let's observe the dispatch of a few thermal generators
julia
begin
thermals_non_zero = filter_non_all_zero(thermal, :name, :value)
sample = first(unique(thermals_non_zero.name), 5)
sample = subset!(thermals_non_zero, :name => ByRow(in(sample)))
spec = data(sample) * mapping(:DateTime, :value, color = :name) * visual(Lines)
draw(spec; figure = (; size = (500, 500)))
end
Let's observe the dispatch of a few renewable generators
julia
begin
renewables_non_zero = filter_non_all_zero(renewables, :name, :value)
sample = first(unique(renewables_non_zero.name), 5)
sample = subset!(renewables_non_zero, :name => ByRow(in(sample)))
data(sample) * mapping(:DateTime, :value, color = :name) * visual(Lines) |> draw
end
Notice that most solar generators are actually not dispatched during the day here even though the solar output is definitely non-zero.
julia
begin
ren = get_component(RenewableDispatch, sys, "COLEASF1")
ts = get_time_series_array(Deterministic, ren, "max_active_power") |> DataFrame
index, values = ts.timestamp, ts.A * 100
fig = Figure()
ax = Axis(fig[1, 1], xlabel = "timestamp", title = "Max active power [MW]", ylabel = "MW")
lines!(index, values; label = "COLEASF1")
axislegend(ax)
fig
end
In the NEM, interconnectors are vital for sharing resources between states. However, when an interconnector reaches its limit (becomes saturated), the regions on either side can have different clearing prices. This Price Separation is a key feature of the NEM's regional structure. Let's have a look at the interchanges, and observe how close they operate to their limits.
julia
begin
interchange_flow = read_variable(res, "FlowActivePowerVariable__AreaInterchange")
spec = data(interchange_flow) * mapping(:DateTime, :value => "Interchange flow (MW)", color = :name) * visual(Lines)
draw(spec; figure = (; size = (500, 500)))
end
We see that a few lines are often saturated: V-S-MNSP1 connecting Victoria and South Australia, or T-V-MSP1 connecting Victoria and Tasmania. The interfaces between New South Wales and Queensland, and New South Wales and Victoria are operated within their bounds and the power flows in both directions depending on the time of the day and resources available.